Sylvia Plaths The Bell Jar - Feminist Thought :: Feminism Feminist Women Criticism

The Bell Jarâ - Feminist Thought The Bell Jarâ â This personal novel by Sylvia Plath follows the account of Esther Greenwood, a third year understudy who spends her late spring at a woman's style magazine in Manhattan. However, in spite of her elevated standards, Esther gets exhausted with her work and unsure about her own future. She even becomes alienated from her customary disapproved of sweetheart, Buddy Willard, a clinical understudy later determined to have TB. After coming back to her old neighborhood New England suburb, Esther finds that she was not chosen to take a Harvard summer school fiction course, and in this way begins to slip into despondency. Esther gets herself unfit to focus and perform day by day assignments. In this way she chooses to experience a couple of meetings with Dr. Gordon, a specialist, and even experiences medicines of electroshock treatment. As the downturn soaks in, Esther gets over the top about self destruction, and attempts to slaughter herself by slithering into the basement where she in this manner ingested a container of dozing pills. Esther's endeavor fizzles and she is taken to a city medical clinic, and afterward over to a private mental foundation by the mediation of an advocate. As Esther recoups, she builds up a cozy relationship with her therapist Dr. Nolan, and in the end leaves the clinic as a changed lady. This change, otherworldly reassessment or good compromise is actually the sort of cheerful completion portrayed by Fay Weldon. In The Bell Jar, Sylvia Plath closes the book with the location of Esther going into meet the specialists of the psychological assessment board. She is remaining outside the stay with Dr. Nolan, watching the individuals around her and mentioning objective facts about herself: 'Try not to be frightened,' Doctor Nolan had said.But inspite of Doctor Nolan's consolations, I was terrified to death. There should, I thought, to be a custom for being brought into the world twice fixed, retreaded and affirmed for the street, I was attempting to think about a fitting one when Doctor Nolan showed up all of a sudden and contacted me on the shoulder. Okay, Esther. I rose and followed her to the door..and guided myself by them (the specialists), as by an otherworldly string, I ventured into the room. (pg.199) This specific appraisal is critical to the remainder of the work since Esther experiences an extreme change so as to get where she is currently. Toward the beginning of the novel, Esther is viewed as clever, yet she faces the lady's quandary of picking among vocation and family to the uncertainty of staying a virgin.

The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination Essays

The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination Essays The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination Essay The Three Different Types of Hatred and Discrimination Essay Shakespeare gives us the case of that in his book of Romeo and Juliet. In this book, there are two families who loathe each other due to past clashes. The Montague and the Caplet family. In this book, the child of the Montague experiences passionate feelings for the little girl of the Capsules. An affection so profound that they get hitched In security. Since them getting hitched scripturally, would make their folks incredibly rebuff them. One night, Juliet tells Romeo Deny thy father and decline thy name; or If thou won't, be nevertheless sworn my affection, and Ill never again be a Caplet. (Shakespeare 34-36. Her dad needs her to get hitched to a man who she wouldn't like to wed. The day of her marriage, she fakes her demise. Romeo accepting she is dead murders himself out of melancholy of losing her. This hardship in light of the fact that the guardians detest every others names and can't hold up under their children being together. This is Just one case of misconceiving one by the name. For this situation making a decision about one by his name has brought about death. Osama is another model. This name is generalized in light of the fact that Osama Bin Laden the most needed man on the planet conveys it. It doesn't imply a lion bouncing on its prey. What's more, et that is the means by which It Is found In todays society around the globe. Thus if a kid or a man were to convey this name, he would have a lot of trouble In finding a new Line of work. Only for conveying that name. Subsequently Judging one by his name influences everybody somehow. In Harper Lees book To Kill a Mockingbird, the writer places in proof the measure of prejudice that was available in the southern Alabama territory of America; back in the backtalk. In this book, the most piece of the white network of Macomb abuses the dark network by initially by calling them Negroes and besides by blaming one for them erroneously. For this situation, the blamed is Tom Robinson. A dark man blamed for savagely mishandling and assaulting a white lady. In spite of the fact that his legal counselor Tactics Finch guards him with solid proof, the jury conflicts with him by Judging him blameworthy. The white society didn't go to bat for him, yet Just let It pass. They disregarded this case inside two days. After his passing because of a bombed escape from Enfield Prison Farm, an individual from the white network Judges him as Typical of a Niger to come and go. Run of the mill of Ruggeris mindset to have no arrangement, no idea for what's to come. Simply run daze the main possibility he saw. (Lee page 24) Lee just gives us one case of bigotry. Still today In southern part AT ten USA leather expert are bunches AT ten ASK won are as yet upholding racial oppression. This causes numerous passings of non-white individuals. The Arab race is another model. Middle Easterners are currently generalized as fear monger since the time the 911 occurrence. In the event that one individual of any race isn't right, it doesn't imply that all the individuals of that race aren't right also. One ought not be Judged by his race yet by his character. Prejudice makes numerous issues people that are a piece of a generalized race or individuals that are essentially separated because of their skin shading. In this way prejudice must take a stop. Regularly, individuals with physical incapacities or contrasts are misconceived or thought little of by the individuals who have none. Either on the off chance that they have an additional toes, a large portion of a finger or are shorter than normal. That can cause not finding recruited at a Line of work. Sexual orientation can likewise be an issue. For example if a young lady would need to work in development, she would be ridiculed and extraordinarily under evaluated in light of the fact that she probably won't have the physical quality for the work or the harshness of a man. In todays society in North America, sex has become a minor issue. Men get the chance to work in design and young lady tortes, Just as ladies can work at a carport or as cops. Anyway physical incapacities are still segregated. In John Handsaws book The Chrysalis, he discusses a young lady named Sophie who is accepted to be a lewdness or deviation or some likeness thereof in light of the fact that she has six toes. The examiner in the story cautions David (the primary character) not to be companions with Sophie on the grounds that she is made by the fallen angel. She has no spirit. David is compelled to report her to the specialists so they can send her to Finchs land. Muff know, David camouflage of a Blasphemy not detailing a human aeronautics is an incredibly genuine thing. Individuals go to jail for it. It is everybodys obligation to report any sort of offense to me even they arent sure so I can choose. Its consistently significant, and significant in fact is it is a Blasphemy. What's more, for this situation there doesnt appear to be any uncertainty about it except if youthful Ervin was mixed up. Presently he says she has six toes. Is that valid? (Yamaha page 51) Those who are genuinely debilitated could be extremely equipped for something. For example numerous individuals who see a truly debilitated individual would in all probability Judge him as intellectually sick. Furthermore, that is an issue in our general public. Businesses could botch the opportunity of having a top quality representative, for example, a team lead Just in light of the fact that he is in a wheelchair. The reality of separating on genuinely handicapped individuals can make us lose odds of meeting truly important individuals. They ought not be disparaged and ought to be thought of. Thusly disregarding them can influence numerous individuals. The different parts of misconceiving, separating or thinking little of one by his name, race or physical capacity can genuinely influence everybody in different manners. One must figure out how to acknowledge others the manner in which they are. What's more, in the event that one would Judges another person, he should Judge him by his character and not by his appearance. This goes for the equivalent with the celebrated articulation Dont Judge a book by its spread. Shakespeare, Harper Lee and Yamaha have each secured one of these angles and put it in a situation. The models are set as are the exercises. Presently each of the one can do is peruse and learn. Book reference I en every so often. London: a Penguin KICK, BIBB, puppy SSH William. Romeo and Juliet. Toronto: Harcourt Shakespeare arrangement, 1999, IPPP LEE, Harper. To Kill a Mockingbird. New York: Warner Books Edition, 1982, IPPP

International Opportunities Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Global Opportunities - Case Study Example This is incredibly entrusting clarifying why these organizations select to stay neighborhood on-screen characters. Throughout internationalization, firms lean toward where business guideline laws are careless as they can profit more on the off chance that they have to test new items (Hoskisson, Hitt, Ireland& Harrison 310-12). Accessibility of market will work decidedly for this organization that targets focusing on a tremendous customer base. A genuine model is the tobacco deal will work if the guidelines are careless. On a negative note, firms may endure if the guidelines are remiss, as they may need to pay for some money related dangers. For the situation where the monetary forms are not very much controlled, the organizations may endure a lot. The firm may, in this way, work from misfortunes. More regrettable still, this organization may not get the necessary items to flexibly in different nations. Political dangers in different nations where they plan to wander may likewise cost the firm if the guideline laws are careless (Hoskisson, Hitt, Ireland& Harrison

About James Mercer Langston Hughes - Free Essay Example

James Mercer Langston Hughes, born on February 1, 1902, in Joplin Missouri born to his mother Carrie M. Langston, and father James N. Hughes. Both his parents were born of mixed race descent which made him not entirely black, but rather brown and of mixed race. His non-black ancestry included a white slaveholder who fathered children with a woman he owned, who was of a French and a Cherokee Indian woman. Hughess mother came from a family of respected black educators and activists. His great uncle from his mothers side became the first black congressman who ran for Virginia. Hughess grandmother Mary Patterson Langston, attended Oberlin College during a time where not a lot of women attended school to gain an education. Her first husband passed away in John Browns Ferry which was a raid against a federal armory in Harpers Ferry Virginia. Her second husband which was Langston Hughess maternal grandfather was an activist for abolition and black education so that his people could get an education. Most of his family were educators which made him come from a family of scholars. After his parents separated, his father moved to Cuba then to Mexico. Hughes was mostly raised by his mother and grandmother, but later then raised by a couple named the Reeds. Growing up, Hughes attended public schools in Kansas and Illinois and was named the class poet for his outstanding writing skills, which sparked up his thirst for poetry. Furthermore, he remembered the value and importance his grandmother had taught him, she told him stories about heroic and courageous slaves who were abolitionists that struggled in order to get away from slavery and gain their freedom. Her tales impressed his nobility and views on black people and the importance of patience and laughter in the coming of hardships. After his grandmother had passed, Hughes didnt cry nor reacted. Something about her stories taught him the uselessness of crying. Instead, he used the value of laughter as a shield to hide his pain. After the death of his grandmother, Hughes often became a lonely and unsettled child , where he experienced an off childhood. He said he found the values of books as a coping mechanism. In 1916, at Hughess 8th-grade graduation, he was elected class poet, where he later felt that he was a victim of a stereotype. He noted that there were only two Negroes in his class and his English teacher was always stressing about the importance of rhythm in poetry. Thats when he felt that he wouldnt let his classmates down, and has been writing poetry ever since. Soon after, his mother and stepfather settled in Cleveland Ohio where he began high school. While attending school, Hughes teacher, first introduced him to famous poet writers such as Carl Sandburg and Walt Whitman, which later became a significant influence upon his career. His high school classmates, (who were mostly white), referred him as a handsome Indian-looking youth, who was remembered by his natural abilities and respective behavior. Hughes was also an athletic individual who won athletic letters in track and was held office with medals and awards. After he had graduated from high school, Hughes decided to travel to Mexico to be with his father so that he could pay for his college tuition. His father James N. Hughes, had left the United States in order to escape and get away from racism. His father disliked black people because of the racism he encountered. When Hughes arrived in Mexico, but his father would constantly discourage him for his poetry, he wanted him to be an engineer rather being a writer. Hughess poetry was beginning to show in the Brownies Book, which was a publication written for children edited by W.E.B Dubois. Hughes started to work on more ambiguous material for adult readers. His poem, A Negro Speaks of River, marked one of the main developments on his career, which later then appeared in the Crisis magazine in 1921. Hughes later moved back to America and attended Columbia University in New York City. Life in the nations capital was filled with racial tensions, which made Hughes feel discontent about his decision staying there, however, he fell in love with a neighborhood called Harlem in just east of New York City. He felt that thats where he belonged the most. The people there enjoyed his work and his poetry. In 1923, he signed up to work on a large ship, so that he could travel and see the world. On his first voyage, he visited the west side of Africa where he stayed for a while. On his second voyage, he visited Spain. In 1924 he spent six months in Paris, France, and felt happy and put together. He felt that France wasnt as racist and discriminatory like America was towards the blacks. His racial rhythmic like poetry sparked up his coming of success. He later started to appear on many African American publications. He also appeared on Vanity Fair Magazine, which was relatively popular among middle, and upper-class woman. In 1924, Hughes went back to live with his mother in Wa shington, D.C. He hoped to earn enough money to return to back to college. Hughes then landed in a job where he was a personal assistant for a scholar that worked at the Association For The Study Of African American Life and History. He later realized that he was into more millennial jobs and preferred to focus more on his poetry as its the best thing for him. He got a job as a busboy, which paid very little money. One day as he was cleaning down tables, he spotted a poet writer named Vachel Lindsay, who is one of his favorite poet writers dining alone. Hughes was determined to get his work out there so he slipped a stack of his own poetry on to his table. Lindsey read his work and was amazed and kept him in touch with famous editors at a publishing house called Alfred A. Knopf. That was when Hughes knew he was gonna make it. He was able to write many poems. His poem called The Weary Blues won first prize in a literacy competition that was sponsored by a magazine published by the National Urban League. In 1926, that was when his professional life sped off. He was apart of a book published by Knopf which was a collection of poetries. He initiated a magazine titled Fire!! A Quarterly Devoted To The Negro, which was an outlet that talked about emerging the works of black writers. Hughes also published an essay called The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain, which talked about his outline on the a rts of philosophy and the problems that are among black artists. After the making of his second publication called Fine Clothes to the Jew, many Black critics didnt approve of his work because of how much Hughes focused on the negative aspects of Black culture. Hughes later responded with a quote from the essay The Negro Artist, We younger Negro artists who create now intend to express our individual dark-skinned selves without fear or shame. If white people are pleased we are glad. If they are not, it doesnt matter. We know we are beautiful. And ugly too. [] If colored people are pleased we are glad. If they are not, their displeasure doesnt matter either. We build our temples for tomorrow, strong as we know how, and we stand on top of the mountain, free within ourselves. In 1929, he graduated and received a bachelors from Lincoln University. Upon the following years, he published many poems in which he talked about the hardships and risks Blacks had taken. In 1932, he joined the Soviet Union with a group of African American Artists, in order to make a film about the treatment of black people throughout the United States. Although the film was never made, being there drew Hughes into the Communist party. He felt that their racial equality was more liberal than American Politics. Throughout his sophisticated life, Hughess creative aspects influenced him into the very many genres that his work provided him with. In 1934, he published a short story collection called The Ways of White Folks which talked about the bitter reflections about the race relations that took place within society. Hughes traveled back to Spain to write about the Civil War as a journalist for the Baltimore Afro American newspaper. He traveled with another journalist named Zora Neale Hurston, in which they both wrote a play called The Mulatto which was a play that talked the cause and issues of racial identities. Hughes also founded three theatres, which were located in Harlem New York City, Chicago, and Los Angeles. Most of Hughess plays were commercially successful, which later became an outlet for many other Black editors. During World War 2, Hughess politics had grown. He published a memoir called, The Big Sea in which he confessed his feelings towards his poetry. He also started to write a column for the Chicago Defender newspaper in which he created a fictional character that would talk about the racial issues and t he observations in life that he would encounter. These columns eventually made their own 5 separate books. Hughes later published the book Montage of a Dream Deferred in 1951, which was remembered for its powerful imagery and language. In 1954, the book, Simple Takes a Wife, gained an award for the outstanding views on the racial issues among Black people. Over the next few decades, Hughes continued on with his work, doing the variety of projects that he had to get done in order to make improvements among the Black community. On December 30th, 1960, Hughes was presented with the Springarn Medal for achievement by an American. On May 22, 1967, Langston Hughes passed away because of abdominal surgery which leads to prostate cancer in New York City. His legacy still lives on for fighting for black rights through his works of poetry.

Everything That Glitters Is Not Gold Essay - 1928 Words

Khalia Scott October 25, 2016 Research Paper Professor Bernardita Title Everything that glitters is not gold. To the naked eye, reality television is viewed as an â€Å"educational† yet entertaining view of different social, cultural, and behavioral aspects of different races. Reality television is a popular form of media that continues to manipulate society’s vision of social groups. As popular media sources expand, we see an increased growth of the strengthening of racial prejudices and stereotypes. Black women have had little representation in major media sources until recent years. Love Hip-Hop is one of the few shows that tries to capture the daily life of everyday African American women for entertainment purposes. Despite its surface level benefits of entertainment, it contributes to the misrepresentation of African American women in society and to the systematic efforts of domination of the race. According, to Marci Littlefield’s â€Å"historically, the media perpetuates ideas about race and ethnicity that places African American women at a clear disadvantage† (Littlefield675). These ideas range from sexual notions and other â€Å"oppressive manners [that] date back to slavery†). America has had a vast craving of exploring the unknown and trying to learn and interpret different cultures. Although the concept of race is constantly changing and currently is viewed as a state that does not have any biological meaning, it is constantly a crucial part in African American women’s lives,Show MoreRelatedEverything That Glitters Is Not Gold: The Negative Effects of Technology828 Words   |  3 PagesEverything That Glitters Is Not Gold The rapid evolution of technology is destroying the need for fundamental skills and drastically changing the lifestyles of humans. Technology of the 21st century is full of ground-breaking innovations. 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Government Intervention in Economic Welfare Essay - 537 Words

In pure market economy, price has been set by price mechanism where it coordinates the interaction between demand and supply resulting in a price changes. According to an economist Adam Smith (1776), in his book â€Å"The Wealth of Nations†, price mechanism is likened to be an â€Å"invisible hand† which will coordinates the decision made by consumers and suppliers while the economic system are working automatically. However, the theory of â€Å"invisible hand† is not absolute. The market economies requires institution such as government to implement policies and making decisions to maintain market and avoid market failure like monopoly and negative externalities. Therefore, government interventions are clearly crucial in the economy to maintain the†¦show more content†¦Based on the Horticulture Director General Achmad Dimyati (2010) statement, Indonesia have a low level consumption of fruits and vegetables. Food and Agriculture Organization (2010) state d that consumption of fruit and vegetables are recommended to be average of 65 kilograms and 73 kilograms per capita per year. Where Indonesia consumptions are far bellow the recommended number. While due to shortage in their supply, in June 2010 prices of rice and chili has increased by 2.67% and 45.7% (BPS, 2010). This clearly shows that action have to be done by the government, not just to varying people’s diet and to improve nutrion, but to stabilize the prices of horticultural products as well. Where at the end, it will both benefits consumers and producers. Government now is working on a bill to improve fruit and vegetables supplies, in order to guarantee a continuous supply of horticulutural products. Government will try to improve market outcome by facilitating better capital access, financing and providing guarantees. This will prevent shortage of supply in market and will avoide prices to increase. Government will also have to come out with policy in order to achieve goal of equality. Dadi Sudiana, chairman of Chili Agrobusiness Association stated that â€Å"We always [profit less] from high priced staple foods such as red chili†. Where things get worsen when farmers are forced to split their profit withShow MoreRelatedLiberalism is define by the desire to minimise the role of the state, discuss.1515 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough all liberals agree on individual freedom, when it comes to the role of the state they are split down the middle. On one side there are the classic liberals who believe in as little state interventio n as possible, and on the other side there is the modern liberals who believe state intervention is necessary as it can develop people and create equal opportunity. 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Uncle Vanya monologue Essay Thesis Example For Students

Uncle Vanya monologue Essay Thesis A monologue from the play by Anton Chekhov NOTE: This monologue is reprinted from The Moscow Arts Theatre Series of Plays. Ed. Oliver M. Sayler. New York: Brentanos, 1922. ASTROFF: You can burn peat in your stoves and build your barns of stone. Oh, I don\t object, of course, to cutting wood when you have to, but why destroy the forests? The woods of Russia are trembling under the blows of the ax. Millions of trees have perished. The homes of the wild animals and the birds have been laid desolate; the rivers are shrinking, and many beautiful landscapes are gone forever. And why? Because men are too lazy and short-sighted to stoop and pick their fuel from the ground. Am I not right? Who but a senseless barbarian could burn so much beauty in his stove and destroy what he cannot create himself? Man has reason and creative energy so that he may increase his possessions. Until now, though, he has not created but destroyed. The forests are disappearing, the rivers are drying up, the game is being exterminated, the climate is spoiled and the earth becomes poorer and uglier every day. I read irony in your eye; you do not take seriously what I am saying; and an d perhaps I am talking nonsense. But when I cross peasant-forests which I have saved from the ax, or hear the rustling of the young trees which I have set out with my own hands, I feel as if I had had some small share in improving the climate, and that if mankind is happy a thousand years from now I shall have been partly responsible in my small way for their happiness. When I plant a young birch tree and see it budding and swaying in the wind, my heart swells with pride and I however I must be off. Probably it is all nonsense, anyhow. Goodbye.

Religion and Spirituality Research Paper free essay sample

Spirituality and Religion Research Paper Due: 12/7/11 Throughout the world there are many different things that individuals tend to believe. Some people believe in luck, crediting everything that happens to them, good or bad, to their fortune. Some believe in karma, always warning colleagues about the things they may do or say to their counterparts, implying that those things may come back to them, possibly in a worse way. Others believe in superstition, which according to the World English Dictionary, is an irrational belief usually founded on ignorance or fear, and characterized by obsessive reverence for omens, charms, etc. For example, when walking with my sister she doesn’t like for something to pass between us as we walk, better known as ‘splitting the pole’; she is superstitious in believing that splitting a pole or tree or any freestanding inanimate object will bring bad luck to either of us. A number of people believe in a higher being. We will write a custom essay sample on Religion and Spirituality Research Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most times the ‘higher being’ depends on what part of the world in which people live or the culture in which they were raised. Nelson states that Hinduism is best understood as a grouping of diverse Indian religious traditions around a common core of sacred writings; while Buddhism was founded in the North Indian kingdom of Maghda and the Western part of Christianity was headquartered in Rome. In some religions, parishioners believe in monotheism, which is belief in a single higher being, and some believe in polytheism, which is belief and worship of multiple gods. They all believe that someone or something, of a non-human life form, sees all, knows all and has power over all. While believing in this higher being, they practice what they believed to have been said by that higher being and written down by a scribe of some sort. These believers live to attain all aspects of the human relationship to the transcendent, according to Nelson, also known as their ‘religion’. Believers attach themselves to their religion. For instance, upon joining the nation of Islam some believers and followers of Allah, the Supreme Being according to Muslims, choose to obey the set rules or rituals by not eating pork as well as other things. Coming from a private school background, growing up in Catholic elementary, middle and high schools a lot has been learned about the different religions around the world; through several courses. Logistics were always covered but there were never any inferences made as to why some churches worship the way they do. Therefore, students of a different religion were left to wonder why certain connections were made with people and God within their churches. It was especially difficult going to Catholic schools and attending mass, experiencing this different type of worship and not seeing those same connections being made as they were at the church regularly attended by myself, the student. In some Baptist churches music is loud, soulful and up tempo, complete with plenty of instruments; whereas in the Catholic Church that was attended, music was not so soulful and rarely up tempo. Parishioners took it upon themselves during the Baptist service to shout unto God, thanking Him for the many blessings bestowed upon them. During a Catholic service it appeared as if no one had time for believers to share their good news or their appreciation for it, the sole purpose seemed to be ‘get in, handle business and get out’. Although it is very possible that all Catholic churches don’t operate in the exact same manner, they all go through the same motions from the beginning to the end of the service. It was mind boggling to possibly deduce how a connection was made with God, other than prayer, through such strict rituals. Baptist churches let the spirit lead them through the service, for instance, if the soloist is lead (by the spirit) to lengthen the song the congregation encourages him and the spirit seems to spread like wildfire through the church. This is most likely the reason for the lengthy services, but no one objects. The Baptist religionists can be found happy and fulfilled of the goodness of the Lord leaving the church house on a Sunday afternoon. Through the long songs and worship experiences, connections were made with the higher being together, as a church family. The Catholic parishioners and priests just seem to tap their foot and worship to themselves to an operatic hymn; possibly an explanation for the short services. In retrospect, Catholic religionists appear to be happy to leave church and get on with their day. In conclusion, people have their own ways of getting what they want or need out of any given event. From a religious service, some may need the extra verse to a song and some may need to have the scriptures sung to them in an orchestral fashion. Some may need time to fellowship with other parishioners and others may just need to get in and get out. Some believers know what they need and where they need to go to get it. Other believers don’t feel they need to worship in a facility at all. Religion is relative to where an individual is from, the culture that was instilled in them and the good and/or bad things that may have happened during their upbringing. God is the head of my life and the reason for my salvation, therefore religion will remain a staple in my life. Although I am not where I want to be in my walk with God, I feel that I need the extra verse of that song or those few hugs from my church family to keep me encouraged. I feel the Baptist church gives me what I need in order to strengthen my walk with God. I love to go and worship at my home church and grow spiritually every Sunday.

A Guide to Shanghainese

A Guide to Shanghainese Since Shanghai is in the Peoples Republic of China (PRC), the official language of the city is standard Mandarin Chinese, also known as  Putonghua. However, the traditional language of the Shanghai region is Shanghainese, which is a dialect of Wu Chinese which is not mutually intelligible with Mandarin Chinese. Shanghainese is spoken by about 14 million people. It has retained its cultural significance for the Shanghai region, despite the introduction of Mandarin Chinese as the official language in 1949. For many years, Shanghainese was banned from primary and secondary schools, with the result that many young residents of Shanghai do not speak the language. Recently, however, there has been a movement to protect the language and to reintroduce it into the education system. Shanghai Shanghai is the largest city in the PRC, with a population of more than 24 million people. It is a major cultural and financial center and an important port for container shipments. The Chinese characters for this city are ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ ·, which is pronounced ShnghÇŽi. The first character ä ¸Å  (shng) means on, and the second character æ µ · (hÇŽi) means ocean. The name ä ¸Å Ã¦ µ · (ShnghÇŽi) adequately describes the location of this city, since it is a port city on the mouth of the Yangtze River by the East China Sea. Mandarin vs Shanghainese Mandarin and Shanghainese are distinct languages which are mutually unintelligible. For example, there are 5 tones in Shanghainese versus only 4 tones in Mandarin. Voiced initials are used in Shanghainese, but not in Mandarin. Also, changing tones affects both words and phrases in Shanghainese, while it only affects words in Mandarin. Writing Chinese characters are used to write Shanghainese. The written language is one of the most important factors in unifying the various Chinese cultures, since it can be read by most Chinese, regardless of their spoken language or dialect. The primary exception to this is the split between traditional and simplified Chinese characters. Simplified Chinese characters were introduced by the PRC in the 1950s, and can differ greatly from the traditional Chinese characters still used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, and many overseas Chinese communities. Shanghai, as part of the PRC, uses simplified characters. Sometimes Chinese characters are used for their Mandarin sounds to write Shanghainese. This type of Shanghainese writing is seen on Internet blog posts and chat rooms as well as in some Shanghainese textbooks. Decline of Shanghainese From the early 1990s, the PRC banned Shanghainese from the education system, with the result that many of the young residents of Shanghai no longer speak the language fluently. Because the younger generation of Shanghai residents has been educated in Mandarin Chinese, the Shanghainese they speak is often mixed with Mandarin words and expressions. This type of Shanghainese is quite different from the language that older generations speak, which has created fears that real Shanghainese is a dying language. Modern Shanghainese In recent years, a movement has started to try to preserve the Shanghai language by promoting its cultural roots. The Shanghai government is sponsoring educational programs, and there is a movement to reintroduce Shanghainese language learning from kindergarten through to university. Interest in preserving Shanghainese is strong, and many young people, even though they speak a mixture of Mandarin and Shanghainese, see Shanghainese as a badge of distinction. Shanghai, as one of the most important cities of the PRC, has important cultural and financial ties with the rest of the world. The city is using those ties to promote Shanghai culture and the Shanghainese language.

Realist Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Realist Theory - Essay Example The theory infers that the system is continually changing to create adjustments to nations such that new systems are created or older are being restored. Therefore, the balance of power theory involves a specific power distribution between states of a system such that no single nation has too much or less of the other . This paper analyses this context and provides a historic case outlay on the application of this theory, the implications of the test results for the case and identifies if the theory is applicable to the case (Marshall, 1970). Over the years, the term balance of power has been used in different areas of history, politics and science each bringing foreword a different meaning from the other. This is due to the difference in the meanings that are portrayed by various states on the term power. To some, power means the use of political force, the superiority of economy or diplomatic coercion to create a desirable outcome by a state. To others, power refers to the ability of a state to impose its will on another despite the resistance raised while others view this concept as the ability of a state to influence the behavior of one or more states through policy implementation (Stanley & Fidler, 1991). The paper seeks to compare and contrast two segments on balance of power relating to the classical and the modern era of political thought which forms the major variable. The balance of power theory is used to illustrate different cases with the major being the Persian Gulf War . Here, the U.S is unwilling to destroy and entirely dismember Iraq due to the balance of power concept which prevented the interruption of the powers of the Middle East. The two concepts raised in the theory is effective in understanding the conduct of international relations and preservation of the international nations system. My conclusion about the performance of the theory here is that it is effective in analyzing the case and that it gives a clear basis on relations amongst states. The theory has a great performance in the case as it infers the effectiveness of balancing power and how this theory is applied in solving international disputes. The theory independent variables relate to issues that constitute a state such as power, balance and sovereignty that enables a state to be independent while the dependent variables are the states and the relations based on the theories. Others may relate to the classical and modern views of politics which are harmonized by the realism concept. The link among the two variables are that they both belong with the realism school of thought. In the classical view, states are created to prevent war. It claims that the society despite the corruption shelters men from harm but only if it is established and enforced in law (Stanley & Fidler, 1991). A democratic government established though the power of the people are perceived to be legitimate . Based on this concept, the function of the government is to implement the law s formulated, promote patriotism through education and promote wealth distribution to enhance cohesion (Micheal, 2000). The classical concept maintains that the balance of power prevents nations from breaking apart . The balance ensures that no particular state or an alliance of nations is allowed by unwritten laws to obtain more power, such that it overwhelms the rest and that this balance is independent. The modern era of

China increasing presence in sub-saharan africa Dissertation

China increasing presence in sub-saharan africa - Dissertation Example China despite having high population (over 1 billion people) compared to numerous states globally, the state continues to exhibit a remarkable economic improvement each year (Bloomberg 2010). This is due to its insistence on economic investment not only inside the state but also globally whereby China attains incomparable benefits in return. Some of these benefits/returns to the China embrace available market for their exports, raw materials, imports and even oil. The latter commodity (oil) is almost getting exhausted in the states which China used to rely on besides the US developing political interests in these regions with the intention of dominating the states (Middle East states), hence yielding to stiff competition. Relationship between China and Sub Saharan African region that has yielded to current strong involvement between the two sides is mutually beneficial. This implies the involved parties regardless of their varying economic grounds, maximally benefit from each though due to China’s high demand for raw materials it ended up initiating the move. This is evident from the China’s numerous economic activities evident in SSA region contrary to those of the western states that had initially and up to date invested in Africa (Kaplinsky, McCormick, and Morris 2007). Hence, exhibiting China is out to compete with its rivals (Europe and US) though the tactic is not political as witnessed with US seeming to dominate the other region. China in its quest to attain and ensure cordial relationship with SSA region, embarked on heavy investing that will not only guarantee present benefits but also the future (Kaplinsky, McCormick, and Morris 2007). Hence, being prudent in their actions especially in shunning the areas that have for long maintained a high reputation of rich oil reserves, though currently are undergoing depletion (Broadman 2007). This has prompted China to focus on developing SSA region via establishing and supporting varied key proje cts. Most of these projects encompass those, which for long superpower states (west and US) evaded or heightened their bids especially when negotiating about terms once they finance them. Hence, prompting China to use this opportunity to offer interest-free loans meant for varied states’ projects in this region to back and fund their projects. For instance, this is evident in Libreville where China gave $2 billion and an additional of $6 million loan in return for timber (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and PRC.2000). This is among numerous interventions and incidences regarding trade, which China has involved itself by concentrating on ensuring cordial relationship with SSA region besides constant flow of raw materials for their home industries. The inception of china’s interest in SSA region started with the tour of President Hu Jintao who ended up entering into various agreements with the key SSA states, for instance, Algerian and Gabon regimes. His core intention enco mpassed seeking constant suppliers of oil for his states. Consequently, this prompted china to finanncing oil exploration projects after signing an agreement with Omar Bongo in Lbreville (China Monitor 2006). In addition, Sinopec and Total-Gabon company made an agreement where the latter was to export 1Millions tons of oil to china (China Monitor 2006). This prompted China to give a loan of 420 Million euro meant to develop Zarzaitine oil field, which was after signing agreement in 2002 (China Monitor 20

Strength And Weakness Essay Example for Free

Strength And Weakness Essay Klick and Tabarrok use changes in the terror alert levels in Washington to infer a variation in police deployment, and provide an estimate of the police crime elasticity as -0.3 which is similar to the results got by Levittï ¼Ë†1997ï ¼â€°Ã¯ ¼Å' Di Tella and Schargrodsk (2004) and Draca et al.(2008). Although Di Tella and Schargrodsk is creative by using a terrorist bomb which lead to police deployment and get statistically significant result, one concern here is that a single shock does not generally allow a researcher to use critical values from standard asymptotic theory to judge the statistical significance of observing a given test statistic. However, Klick and Tabarrok use terror alert level which varies four times in the period, and it reduces the possibility of spurious correlation. Furthermore, they use the daily data and the treatment window is short, so their results are less likely to be due to changes in other factor. Comparing the earlier studies like Levitt(2002), Kovandzic and Sloan(2002), Corman and Mocan(2005) which use observational study, Klick and Tabarrok use natural experiment that usually allow firmer causal conclusions to be drawn than observational studies, so they provide better evidence for a general link between police number and crime rates. Klick and Tabarrok also find no deterrence effect for homicide while Levitt found the largest deterrence effect for homicides in earlier studies, this is notable. Read more:  Strengths and Weaknesses Essay One significant shortcoming of Klick and Tabarrok research is its reliance on single jurisdiction. Although strong designs require this and it can provide a better identification, there is a concern about external validity. For example, Klick and Tabarrok reveals a statistically significant result applying the data from one single city Washington DC, but it is unclear whether this effect observed in Washington DC could be expected in other cities. In particular, this research does not provide any evident about the actual variation in terms of the police number and it does not examine how police are allocated to reduce crime. Therefore, use of this design in other  cities and more detailed information on police allocation has the potential to increase confidence in these results substantially. This research uses IV method, so a possibly excessive faith in instrumental variable can really be a problem. Robustness of the IV used is far from proven, which means that issues of endogeneity may not have been fully dealt with as the author claim. In this case, the change in transport usage pattern and the police effort can really affect criminal rate. As Draca, Machin and Witt(2009) explain, the indirect effect from adopting IV may rely on two displacement: spatial displacement and temporal displacement. But Klick and Tabarrok does not involve it. Reference: Draca, M., Machin, S. and Witt, R. (2008) Panic on the Streets of London: Police, Crime and the July 2005 Terror Attacks. CEP Discussion Paper no. 852. Levitt, S.D. (1997) Using Electoral Cycles in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of Police on Crime, The American Economic Review 87(3): 270-290 Levitt, S.D. (2002) Using Electoral Cycles in Police Hiring to Estimate the Effect of Police on Crime: Reply, The American Economic Review 92(4): 1244-1250. Di Tella, R. and Schargrodsky, E. (2004) Do Police Reduce Crime? Estimates Using the Allocation of Police Forces after a Terrorist Attack, The American Economic Review 94(1): 115-133.

What a Christian Believes about Anthropology Essay -- essays research

What a Christian Believes about Anthropology   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Anthropology in general refers to any study of the status, habits, customs, relationships and culture of humankind. In a more specific and theological sense, anthropology sets forth the scriptural teachings about humans as God’s creatures. Christian anthropology recognizes that humans are created in God’s image but that sin has in some way negatively affected that image† (Grenz, Guetzki, and Nordling 11). In other words, anthropology is the study of how God created us uniquely in his image, and how sin affected the image.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the sixth day, God made male and female in his image, and he saw that it was very good (Genesis 1:27, 31). The Bible continues to tell the story of how God made us. He made Adam from the dust of the earth and breathed life into him. After that, God took one of Adam’s ribs and made Eve. The Adam and Eve walked with God. The Bible does not go into much detail to explain the creation process or any other part of creation. God wanted us to know how we are unique and wonderful and that we are supposed to have a relationship with Him. â€Å"We are the only earthly creatures whose essence is more that physical; man alone has a soul or spirit and is thus a combination of matter and spirit† (Cottrell 149). The fact that we have a soul is one way we are like God. No other creature has a soul or can tell right from wrong. Starting in Genesis, and throughout the w...

Explain the Need for Sexual Responsibility in Personal Relationships

Explain the need for Sexual Responsibility in Personal Relationships Listen and be listened to- We need to hear our partners' thoughts, feelings, and ideas. We should also expect our partners to care about what we have to say. Be honest and expect honesty- We need to be truthful with each other about what we do, think, and feel. Share our feelings and expect our partners to share theirs- We need to be able to say what is on our minds and know that we will react to one another respectfully. Disagree and allow disagreement- Partners often have different desires, opinions, and ideas.They have the right to think differently. Partners need to respect each other’s' unique points of view Be fair and expect to be treated fairly- Partners need to be considerate of each other and treat each other equally in their relationships. Consider our partners' needs and have ours considered- Decisions that affect both partners should be made together with one another's well-being in mind. Partner s need to be able to compromise. Give support and be supported- Partners need to support one another's emotional needs.Help our partners feel good about them and expect the same in return- Partners need to acknowledge one another's efforts and accomplishments. Forgive and expect forgiveness- No one is perfect, and making mistakes is a normal part of life. If we apologize and are forgiven, we can move on. We shouldn't constantly remind one another of past mistakes. Let our partners use their own money as they like and expect the same in return- We should all be allowed to make our own decisions on how we spend our own money. We also have a responsibility to live up to whatever financial commitments we have made together.Respect our partners' needs for other relationships and expect the same in return- We all have a right to friendships outside of our primary relationships. Spending time apart with family and friends is normal and healthy. Respect our partners' privacy and need for ti me apart and expect the same in return- We all need privacy and time apart from one another – alone or with others. It is not fair to be angry or treat someone badly for wanting time apart. Respect our partners' need to feel safe and secure and expect the same in return- We all need to always feel safe and secure.Physical or emotional abuse, threats, or violence are deal breakers and end our responsibility to try to maintain our relationships. Respect our partners sexually and expect the same in return- Whenever we have sex, we should be attentive to each other's pleasure. We should always have each other's consent, and we should never use pressure to get consent. We should share in the responsibility of guarding ourselves and our partners against unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection. And we should always be clear about what we want to do and respect what our partners want to do sexually.

Health Policies and Health Determinants - 1438 Words

Grade Received - A Discuss the ways that health can be conceptualized by a society. What are the determinants of health in humans? What is the connection between how a society defines health and how it pursues health? Has increased access to technology changed that perception over the last decade? Discuss the connection between health policies, health determinants, and health. Abstract Health policies, health determinants and health are all categories that are intertwined with one another. As technology becomes more advanced within the health industry, society’s perception on healthcare may change for the better or for the worst. And with the new technology, new policies arise. Deliberate the ways that†¦show more content†¦With new developments in technology in healthcare also comes with great responsibility from an ethical standpoint. Decisions can be difficult, ethically when taking into consideration of the life, health or amount of money needed for the type of care given to a patient. Here are a few examples of medical technology perceptions that have changed of the last decade ethically: In-Vitro Fertilization The first child to ever be from using test tube techniques happened in the late 1970’s. Although many have applauded this new type of technology, there is an ethical issue on whether or not embryos should be created in test-tube knowing that fact that many are not implanted and have human development. â€Å"Octo-Mom† is a classic case that may have changed many people’s perception when it comes to in-vitro fertilization. Many felt that it was ethically wrong for her doctor to conduct that type of procedure to a woman who will not have the ability to provide adequate care for the well-being of her children who may have health issues. Medical Marijuana Perception with medical marijuana is constantly changing as we find how it can help others with mental and physical conditions and chronic pain. There is a recent case of a severely autistic child who has Tuberous Sclerosis, is givenShow MoreRelatedPublic Policy Of Globalization On Canada Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesPublic Policy of Globalization in Canada The government is what makes executive decision for the public policy. Society is influenced by our living and working conditions which shape health. The social determinants of heath shape material, psychosocial, and behavioral routes. However, stages of life like, genetics, early life, and cultural factors are some components that influence health. 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